Pyranoflavonoid

Pyranoflavonoid is a type of flavonoid, a class of secondary metabolites found in plants. These compounds are characterized by the presence of a pyran ring in their structure. Pyranoflavonoids are known for their diverse range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties.

Structure and Classification

The basic structure of a pyranoflavonoid consists of a flavonoid skeleton, which is a 15-carbon structure consisting of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C). The presence of a pyran ring in the C-ring differentiates pyranoflavonoids from other flavonoids.

Pyranoflavonoids can be further classified based on the position and nature of the substituents on the flavonoid skeleton. Some common subclasses include flavanones, flavones, isoflavones, and flavonols.

Biosynthesis

The biosynthesis of pyranoflavonoids involves the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is a major secondary metabolic pathway in plants. The key enzymes involved in this process are phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and chalcone isomerase (CHI).

Biological Activities

Pyranoflavonoids exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Their antioxidant activity is attributed to their ability to scavenge free radicals and chelate metal ions. They also exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators.

In addition, pyranoflavonoids have been found to possess antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Their anticancer activity is attributed to their ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and interfere with tumor angiogenesis.

See Also

• Flavonoid
• Phenylpropanoid pathway
• Antioxidant
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antimicrobial
• Anticancer