ROCK2

ROCK2 (Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ROCK2 gene. It is a member of the Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase family, which plays a significant role in various cellular processes such as cell migration, cell proliferation, cell death, and gene expression.

Function

ROCK2 is a serine/threonine kinase that acts as an effector for Rho GTPases, a group of small G proteins that regulate the cytoskeleton. It is involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton organization, cell adhesion, and cell motility. ROCK2 is activated when bound to the GTP-bound form of RhoA, RhoB, or RhoC.

Clinical significance

Alterations in ROCK2 activity have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In cancer, increased ROCK2 activity can promote tumor growth and metastasis. In neurodegenerative diseases, ROCK2 has been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In cardiovascular diseases, ROCK2 activity can lead to increased vascular smooth muscle contraction, contributing to vascular dysfunction. In diabetes, ROCK2 can affect insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.

Therapeutic potential

Given its role in various diseases, ROCK2 is considered a potential therapeutic target. Several ROCK inhibitors have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials for various conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases.

See also

• Rho kinase
• RhoA
• Rho GTPase