Renal artery

The renal artery is the part of the body that carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys from the aorta. There are typically two renal arteries, one for each kidney. They branch off the aorta on each side of the body, and each is directed towards its respective kidney.

Anatomy

The renal arteries are paired blood vessels, each supplying a kidney. They branch off the abdominal aorta and travel to the kidneys. Each renal artery carries a significant portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys.

Clinical significance

Diseases of the renal arteries can lead to hypertension and kidney disease. The most common of these is renal artery stenosis, a narrowing of the renal artery which can lead to hypertension and a reduction in renal function. Other diseases include renal artery aneurysm and fibromuscular dysplasia.

Treatment

Treatment for renal artery disease includes medication, lifestyle changes, and surgical procedures. Medications can control blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, losing weight, and exercising can also help manage the disease. In severe cases, surgical procedures such as angioplasty or bypass surgery may be necessary.

See also

• Kidney
• Aorta
• Hypertension
• Renal artery stenosis
• Renal artery aneurysm
• Fibromuscular dysplasia

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