Repetition compulsion

Repetition compulsion is a psychological phenomenon in which a person repeats a traumatic event or its circumstances over and over again. This can include reenacting the event or putting oneself in situations where the event is likely to happen again. The concept was first introduced by Sigmund Freud in his work on psychoanalysis.

Overview

Repetition compulsion is often seen in individuals who have experienced significant trauma. The compulsion to repeat the trauma can manifest in various ways, including through relationships, behaviors, and even dreams. Freud suggested that this repetition is an attempt to gain mastery over the traumatic event, although it often leads to further distress.

Freudian Theory

Freud introduced the concept of repetition compulsion in his work "Beyond the Pleasure Principle" (1920). He observed that individuals who had experienced trauma would often unconsciously seek to recreate the traumatic experience. Freud theorized that this was a way for the individual to attempt to control and understand the trauma, even though it often resulted in further suffering.

Mechanisms

Repetition compulsion can manifest in several ways:

• Behavioral Repetition: Engaging in behaviors that recreate the trauma.
• Relational Repetition: Forming relationships that mirror the dynamics of the traumatic event.
• Dream Repetition: Experiencing recurring dreams about the trauma.

Examples

• A person who was abused as a child may enter into abusive relationships as an adult.
• A war veteran may repeatedly put themselves in dangerous situations that mimic their combat experiences.

Treatment

Treatment for repetition compulsion often involves psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychoanalysis. These therapies aim to help the individual understand the underlying causes of their compulsion and develop healthier coping mechanisms.

Related Concepts

• Trauma
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Psychoanalysis
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

See Also

• Sigmund Freud
• Beyond the Pleasure Principle
• Trauma
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
• Psychoanalysis
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy