Russula crustosa

Russula crustosa Peck 631573

Russula crustosa is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Russula, which is part of the large family Russulaceae. Known for its distinctive features and wide distribution, Russula crustosa is a notable member of the diverse and complex world of fungi. This article provides an overview of its taxonomy, description, habitat, and culinary value.

Taxonomy

The genus Russula includes a vast number of species, characterized by their brittle flesh due to the presence of spherical cells, a trait that is quite unique among mushrooms. Russula crustosa was first described scientifically in the early 20th century, and its classification within the genus has been subject to revision as mycological research has advanced. Like all members of the Russula genus, it falls under the order Russulales.

Description

Russula crustosa features a cap that can range in color from reddish to purple, often with a crusty or dusty appearance, which is a distinguishing characteristic that contributes to its common name. The cap typically measures between 5 to 15 cm in diameter and has a convex to flat shape. The gills are white to cream, becoming yellowish with age, and are attached to a white to off-white stipe (stem) that is 4 to 10 cm tall and 1 to 2.5 cm thick.

The spore print of Russula crustosa is commonly white or very pale yellow, which is a key feature in identifying species within the Russula genus. Its flesh is known for being brittle, a characteristic trait of the Russulaceae family.

Habitat and Distribution

Russula crustosa is found in both deciduous and coniferous forests, forming mycorrhizal associations with a variety of trees. This symbiotic relationship is crucial for the nutrient exchange between the soil and the trees. The species is widely distributed across North America and Europe, though its presence in other continents is less documented.

Culinary Value

While many Russula species are edible, the edibility of Russula crustosa specifically is subject to debate among foragers and mycologists. Some sources suggest that it is edible, though not highly regarded due to its mediocre taste and texture. As with all wild mushrooms, caution is advised, and specimens should only be consumed if positively identified by an expert.

Conservation

As a widespread species, Russula crustosa does not currently face any major conservation threats. However, like many fungi, its populations are susceptible to changes in forest management practices and habitat destruction. Conservation of its natural habitats is essential for ensuring the species' long-term survival.

See Also

• Mycorrhiza
• Russulales
• Mycology