Russula integra

Russula integra (2)

Russula integra, commonly known as the Whole Russula, is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Russula, which is part of the large family Russulaceae. This species is found in Europe and parts of North America, thriving in both deciduous and coniferous forests. It forms mycorrhizal associations with trees, a symbiotic relationship crucial for nutrient exchange between the soil and the plant.

Description

Russula integra features a cap that can range from 5 to 15 cm in diameter, initially convex before flattening out with age, sometimes with a central depression. The cap's color varies from dark red to purple, often with a paler margin. The gills are white to cream, dense, and attached to the stem, which is white, stout, and measures 4 to 10 cm in height and 1.2 to 2.5 cm in diameter. The flesh is white and firm, with a mild to slightly fruity taste and a faint smell.

Habitat and Distribution

This mushroom prefers the soil of both deciduous forests, particularly under oaks and beeches, and coniferous forests, associating with pines and spruces. It is widely distributed across Europe and has been reported in various parts of North America. The fruiting season extends from summer to late autumn.

Edibility

Russula integra is considered an edible mushroom, appreciated for its mild flavor. It is used in various culinary preparations, though it is recommended to cook it thoroughly before consumption to avoid any potential gastrointestinal discomfort that raw mushrooms of the Russula genus might cause.

Similar Species

It can be confused with other red-capped russulas, such as Russula nobilis (also known as the Beechwood Sickener), which is poisonous. Distinguishing features of Russula integra include its mild taste and the absence of a spicy or acrid flavor, which is present in many other red Russula species.

Conservation

Currently, there are no major conservation concerns regarding Russula integra, as it is relatively widespread and common. However, like all wild mushrooms, its populations are susceptible to habitat destruction and pollution. Sustainable foraging practices are encouraged to ensure the species' longevity.