Sámi cuisine

Sami milking bowls - Arctic Museum

Dried reindeer meat

Flatbread

Poronkäristys

Yumyum

Sámi cuisine is the traditional food of the Sámi people, an indigenous Finno-Ugric people living in Sápmi, which today encompasses large northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola Peninsula within Russia. Sámi cuisine is characterized by the use of local ingredients found in the Arctic environment, such as fish, game, reindeer, and wild berries. The traditional practices of the Sámi people, including hunting, fishing, and reindeer herding, heavily influence their diet and culinary techniques.

Ingredients

The cornerstone of Sámi cuisine is the reindeer, providing meat, fat, and blood for various dishes. Fish, particularly salmon, trout, and Arctic char, is also a staple. Wild berries, including cloudberries, lingonberries, and blueberries, are important both for direct consumption and for use in desserts and jams. Mushrooms and herbs gathered from the wild add flavor to the dishes. Traditional breads are often made from barley or rye.

Traditional Dishes

Bidos

A traditional Sámi stew made primarily from reindeer meat, often including potatoes, carrots, and onions. It is seasoned with salt and pepper and sometimes thickened with flour.

Gáhkku

A traditional flatbread, baked over an open fire. It is often served with soups or used to wrap around pieces of cooked fish or meat.

Leipäjuusto

While not exclusively Sámi, this "bread cheese" is popular in the northern regions. It is a fresh cheese that is toasted to give it a slightly charred and crispy surface.

Suovas

Suovas is salted and lightly smoked reindeer meat, traditionally sliced thin and eaten raw, but it can also be pan-fried quickly.

Foraging and Preservation

The harsh Arctic climate necessitates the preservation of food for the long winters. Smoking, drying, and fermenting are common methods used to preserve meat and fish. Berries are often dried or turned into jams and syrups.

Modern Sámi Cuisine

Today, Sámi cuisine is experiencing a renaissance, with chefs and home cooks alike exploring traditional ingredients and methods while incorporating modern twists. This includes the use of new techniques and the fusion of Sámi flavors with those of other cuisines.

Cultural Significance

Food plays a significant role in Sámi culture, serving not only as sustenance but also as a means of preserving their heritage and identity. Traditional meals are an integral part of ceremonies and celebrations, linking the past with the present.