S1PR1

S1PR1 or Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 is a G protein-coupled receptor that is encoded by the S1PR1 gene in humans. It is also known as endothelial differentiation gene-1 (EDG1). S1PR1 is a member of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor family and has been shown to mediate cellular responses to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator.

Function

S1PR1 is involved in several physiological and pathological processes. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of lymphocyte trafficking, vascular development and integrity, and inflammation. S1PR1 signaling also contributes to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory diseases.

Structure

S1PR1 is a seven-transmembrane domain receptor that is coupled to the G protein Gi. Upon binding to its ligand, S1P, it undergoes conformational changes that allow it to activate the G protein, leading to the activation of downstream signaling pathways.

Clinical significance

Alterations in S1PR1 function and expression have been associated with various diseases. For instance, overexpression of S1PR1 has been observed in several types of cancer, including breast cancer and lung cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. In autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, S1PR1 is a target of the drug fingolimod, which acts by modulating S1PR1 signaling.

See also

• Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Fingolimod