SCOBY

SCOBY

A SCOBY or Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria and Yeast is a biofilm of acetic acid bacteria and osmophilic yeast species in a zoogleal mat which is used in the production of several fermented beverages and foods including Kombucha and Vinegar. The name SCOBY is an acronym, and it is commonly referred to as a "mother" due to its ability to reproduce, or "mushroom" due to its appearance.

Composition

A SCOBY is composed of several species of bacteria and yeasts, which interact in a complex symbiotic relationship. The precise composition tends to vary, but it generally includes Acetobacter species (acetic acid bacteria), and various yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bacteria and yeasts coexist in a cellulose mat, which is created by the bacteria.

Uses

The primary use of a SCOBY is in the production of Kombucha, a fermented, lightly effervescent, sweetened black or green tea drink. The SCOBY is added to a solution of tea and sugar, and the mixture is left to ferment for a period of time, usually between one and two weeks. The SCOBY consumes the sugar, producing alcohol, which is then converted into acetic acid by the bacteria. This gives the drink its characteristic tart flavor.

In addition to Kombucha, SCOBYs are also used in the production of vinegar, where they perform a similar role. They can also be used to produce other fermented foods and beverages.

Cultivation and Care

A SCOBY is relatively easy to cultivate. It can be grown from a small piece of an existing SCOBY, or from a bottle of unpasteurized, unflavored Kombucha. The SCOBY should be kept at room temperature, away from direct sunlight, and should not be exposed to metal or smoke. It requires a food source of sugar, and a medium of black or green tea to thrive.

Health Benefits and Risks

While there are many claimed health benefits of consuming products made with a SCOBY, such as improved digestion, increased energy, and detoxification, these claims are not universally accepted by the scientific community. As with any fermented product, there is also a risk of contamination if the SCOBY is not properly cared for, which can lead to foodborne illness.

See Also

• Fermentation (food)
• Probiotic
• Kefir
• Kimchi