Saaremaa
Saaremaa is the largest island in Estonia, located in the Baltic Sea. It is part of the West Estonian archipelago and covers an area of 2,673 square kilometers. The island is known for its unique culture, history, and natural beauty, including the Kaali crater, one of the few known impact craters in a populated area.
History[edit | edit source]
The history of Saaremaa dates back to the Stone Age, with the earliest human settlements found on the island dating back to around 5,000 BC. The island has been inhabited by various cultures, including the Vikings in the 9th century. Saaremaa was a significant center of Viking activity, with numerous artifacts and burial sites found on the island.
In the Middle Ages, Saaremaa was a stronghold of the Teutonic Order, who built several castles on the island, including the Bishop's castle in Kuressaare, the island's capital. The island was later ruled by Denmark, Sweden, and Russia before becoming part of independent Estonia in 1918.
Culture[edit | edit source]
Saaremaa has a rich cultural heritage, with traditions and customs that have been preserved for centuries. The island is known for its traditional music, dance, and handicrafts, particularly its hand-woven textiles and wooden windmills. The annual Saaremaa Opera Days is one of the highlights of the island's cultural calendar.
Economy[edit | edit source]
The economy of Saaremaa is diverse, with key sectors including tourism, agriculture, and fishing. The island is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its beautiful landscapes, historic sites, and cultural events. Agriculture is mainly focused on dairy farming and crop production, while the fishing industry is centered around the Baltic herring.
Nature[edit | edit source]
Saaremaa is renowned for its diverse and unspoiled nature. The island is home to numerous species of birds and mammals, as well as a variety of plant species. The Vilsandi National Park, located on the western coast of Saaremaa, is one of the oldest nature reserves in Europe.
See also[edit | edit source]
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