Schradan

Schradan is a potent organophosphate insecticide that was first synthesized in the 1950s. It is a colorless, odorless solid that is highly toxic to insects, but less so to mammals. Schradan is used primarily in the control of mites and aphids, but it is also effective against a wide range of other pests.

History

Schradan was first synthesized in 1952 by the Shell Oil Company. It was one of the first organophosphates to be developed and was initially hailed as a safer alternative to the highly toxic organochlorine insecticides that were in use at the time. However, concerns about its potential effects on human health and the environment led to restrictions on its use in many countries in the 1970s and 1980s.

Chemistry

Schradan is a member of the organophosphate class of insecticides, which work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase in the nervous system of insects. This causes a buildup of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, leading to overstimulation of the nervous system and eventual death of the insect. Schradan is a chiral molecule, meaning it has a non-superimposable mirror image. It is usually produced as a mixture of two enantiomers, or mirror-image forms.

Toxicity

While Schradan is highly toxic to insects, it is less so to mammals. However, it can still cause a range of symptoms in humans if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. These can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, salivation, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, exposure to Schradan can cause seizures, loss of consciousness, and even death.

Environmental Impact

Schradan is highly persistent in the environment and can remain in soil for up to a year. It is also highly toxic to birds and fish. Because of these concerns, the use of Schradan has been restricted in many countries.

See Also

• Organophosphate poisoning
• Pesticide toxicity to bees
• Environmental impact of pesticides

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