Scientology in the United States

Lisa McPherson raw scan

Scientology in the United States has a significant history and presence, reflecting the country's role in the foundation and expansion of the Church of Scientology. Founded by L. Ron Hubbard in the early 1950s, Scientology has grown from a self-help system called Dianetics into a religious movement with global reach, though its roots and largest base of operations remain in the United States.

History

The history of Scientology in the United States begins with L. Ron Hubbard's publication of Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health in 1950. The book introduced the concept of auditing, a process aimed at uncovering and addressing the root causes of psychological distress. The success of the book led to the establishment of the first Dianetics centers across the country. However, internal disputes and financial problems led Hubbard to transform Dianetics into a formally organized religion, founding the Church of Scientology in 1954 in Los Angeles, California.

Beliefs and Practices

Scientology's beliefs revolve around the concept of the Thetan, which is akin to the soul, and its relationship with the physical universe and the mind. The church offers various services and courses aimed at spiritual enlightenment and self-improvement, with auditing being central to its practices. The E-Meter, a device used during auditing sessions, is said to measure the spiritual state of an individual.

Controversies

The Church of Scientology has been the subject of numerous controversies in the United States, including legal battles over its tax-exempt status as a religion, allegations of abusive practices towards its members, and disputes with former members and critics. In 1993, after a long legal battle with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the Church of Scientology was granted tax-exempt status, solidifying its claim as a recognized religious organization in the United States.

Scientology's Influence

Scientology has established a notable presence in the United States through its celebrity members, extensive real estate holdings, and its efforts in the fields of education, drug rehabilitation through its Narconon program, and criminal justice reform. The church's Celebrity Centres are designed to cater to artists, politicians, and leaders, with the most famous being located in Hollywood, California.

Legal and Social Status

The legal and social status of Scientology in the United States has been shaped by its ongoing efforts to be recognized and treated as a legitimate religious organization. While it has achieved this status at the federal level, public opinion remains divided, with critics arguing that the organization operates more like a business or cult than a traditional religion.

Conclusion

Scientology's presence in the United States is marked by its complex history, distinctive beliefs and practices, and the controversies surrounding its operations. As the birthplace of Scientology, the United States continues to play a pivotal role in the religion's development and its efforts to gain acceptance and influence both nationally and internationally.