Semaphorin 3E

Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEMA3E gene. It is a member of the semaphorin family and plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including neuronal development, immune response, and cancer progression.

Function

Semaphorin 3E is a secreted semaphorin that acts as a chemorepellent during neuronal development. It guides the growth of axons by repelling them from areas where Sema3E is present. This protein also plays a role in the immune response, where it can inhibit the migration of T cells and dendritic cells.

In the context of cancer, Sema3E has been found to promote angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, which is a key process in tumor growth and metastasis. It can also induce cell migration and invasion, contributing to the spread of cancer cells.

Structure

The SEMA3E gene is located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 7 at position 21.2. The protein encoded by this gene is approximately 775 amino acids in length. It consists of a sema domain, a PSI domain, and an Ig-like C2-type domain.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the SEMA3E gene have been associated with various types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. High levels of Sema3E expression have been correlated with poor prognosis in these cancers.

See also

• Semaphorin
• Axon guidance
• Angiogenesis
• Cancer