Sex hormone binding globulin
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein that binds to sex hormones, specifically testosterone and estradiol. Other steroid hormones such as progesterone, cortisol, and other corticosteroids are bound by transcortin. SHBG is found in all vertebrates apart from birds.
Function[edit | edit source]
SHBG inhibits the function of these hormones. Thus, bioavailability of sex hormones is influenced by the level of SHBG. In men, high levels of SHBG are associated with low levels of free testosterone, potentially causing hypogonadism. In women, high levels of SHBG may be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Structure[edit | edit source]
SHBG is a homodimeric glycoprotein with each subunit consisting of a single 373-amino acid peptide chain. The peptide chain is organized into a single structural domain composed of two laminin G-like (LG) modules.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
SHBG levels can be tested in both men and women to help determine the cause of infertility, to evaluate polycystic ovary syndrome, and to identify tumors of the testes or ovaries.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
