Sialectasis

Sialectasis is a medical condition characterized by the dilation or enlargement of the salivary gland ducts. It is often associated with sialolithiasis, a condition where stones or calcified masses form within the salivary glands.

Causes

The exact cause of sialectasis is not known, but it is believed to be due to a blockage in the salivary gland ducts. This blockage can be caused by a variety of factors, including infection, tumor, or sialolith (salivary gland stone).

Symptoms

The main symptom of sialectasis is pain and swelling in the affected salivary gland, especially during meals. Other symptoms may include dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, and a foul taste in the mouth.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of sialectasis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and physical examination. Imaging tests such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may also be used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for sialectasis depends on the underlying cause. If the condition is caused by a sialolith, the stone may need to be removed. This can often be done using a minimally invasive procedure known as sialendoscopy. If the condition is caused by an infection, antibiotics may be prescribed. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the affected salivary gland.

Prevention

Prevention of sialectasis involves maintaining good oral hygiene to prevent infections and avoiding dehydration, which can contribute to the formation of sialoliths. Regular dental check-ups can also help detect any potential problems early.

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Sialectasis seen on ultrasound