Smear test

Smear Test

A smear test, also known as a Pap smear or Pap test, is a procedure to test for cervical cancer in women. The test involves collecting cells from the woman's cervix, the lower, narrow end of the uterus that's at the top of the vagina.

Procedure

The smear test is usually done as part of a woman's regular pelvic examination. During the procedure, a device called a speculum is used to widen the vagina so that the cervix can be seen. A soft brush or a small spatula is then used to collect cells from the cervix. These cells are then preserved on a slide or in a bottle of liquid and sent to a laboratory for examination under a microscope.

Purpose

The main purpose of a smear test is to detect abnormal cells in the cervix that could potentially develop into cancer. Early detection and treatment of these abnormal cells can prevent most cases of cervical cancer. The test can also detect infections and inflammation.

Results

The results of a smear test can be normal, unclear, or abnormal. A normal result means that no abnormal cells were found on the cervix. An unclear result means that the cells look a bit abnormal but it's not clear if it's related to cancer. An abnormal result means that changes in the cells have been found and further testing is needed.

Risks

While the smear test is a crucial tool in preventing cervical cancer, it's not perfect. It may not always detect abnormal cells, and sometimes, it can indicate a problem when there isn't one. This can lead to unnecessary worry and further tests.

Frequency

The frequency of smear tests depends on a woman's age and health history. Women aged 21 to 29 should have a Pap test every 3 years. Women aged 30 to 65 should have a Pap test and an HPV test every 5 years or a Pap test alone every 3 years.

See also

• Cervical cancer
• HPV test
• Pelvic examination

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