Somatopause

Somatopause is a term used to describe the gradual decline in the levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) that occurs with advancing age. This phenomenon is often associated with various age-related changes in body composition and function, including increased body fat, decreased muscle mass, reduced physical performance, and diminished overall vitality.

Overview

Somatopause typically begins in the mid-30s and progresses steadily with age. It is characterized by a decrease in the amplitude of GH secretory pulses, leading to a significant reduction in the 24-hour mean GH concentration. This decline in GH and IGF-1 levels is thought to contribute to the physiological changes that occur with aging, such as loss of bone density, decreased muscle mass, increased body fat, and reduced exercise capacity.

Causes

The exact cause of somatopause is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be due to a combination of factors, including changes in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which are responsible for the production and regulation of GH and IGF-1. Other factors that may contribute to somatopause include increased body mass index (BMI), decreased physical activity, and changes in sleep patterns.

Symptoms

The symptoms of somatopause are often subtle and may be mistaken for normal aging. They can include fatigue, decreased muscle strength, increased body fat, reduced bone density, and diminished physical performance. Some individuals may also experience changes in mood, such as depression or anxiety, as well as decreased sexual desire.

Treatment

Treatment for somatopause typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, to help maintain muscle mass and bone density. In some cases, hormone replacement therapy with GH or IGF-1 may be considered. However, this treatment is controversial due to potential side effects and the lack of long-term safety data.

See also

• Growth hormone
• Insulin-like growth factor 1
• Aging
• Hormone replacement therapy