Splenius capitis muscle

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== Splenius Capitis Muscle ==

The splenius capitis muscle is a broad, strap-like muscle located in the back of the neck. It is one of the muscles that make up the superficial layer of the intrinsic back muscles. The name "splenius" comes from the Greek word "splenion," meaning bandage, which reflects the muscle's shape and appearance.

Anatomy

The splenius capitis muscle originates from the lower half of the ligamentum nuchae, the spinous processes of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7), and the spinous processes of the first three or four thoracic vertebrae (T1-T3/T4). It inserts into the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral aspect of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone.

Innervation

The splenius capitis muscle is innervated by the posterior rami of the middle cervical spinal nerves.

Blood Supply

The blood supply to the splenius capitis muscle is primarily provided by the muscular branches of the occipital artery and the superficial branch of the transverse cervical artery.

Function

The primary functions of the splenius capitis muscle include:

• **Extension of the head and neck**: When both sides of the muscle contract simultaneously, they extend the head and neck.
• **Lateral flexion and rotation of the head**: When one side of the muscle contracts, it laterally flexes and rotates the head to the same side.

Clinical Significance

The splenius capitis muscle can be involved in various clinical conditions, such as muscle strain, tension headaches, and cervical spine disorders. Dysfunction or injury to this muscle can lead to pain and limited range of motion in the neck.

Related Muscles

The splenius capitis muscle works in conjunction with other muscles in the neck and back, including the splenius cervicis muscle, the trapezius muscle, and the levator scapulae muscle.

See Also

• Muscular system
• Cervical vertebrae
• Occipital bone
• Ligamentum nuchae
• Posterior rami of spinal nerves