Sterlet

Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) is a species of sturgeon native to the rivers that flow into the Black Sea, Azov Sea, and Caspian Sea. It is a small sturgeon, typically reaching a length of 25-100 cm (10-39 in), but can occasionally reach up to 125 cm (49 in) in length. Sterlet is one of the most common sturgeon species and is often farmed for its meat and caviar.

Description

Sterlet has a slender, elongated body covered with five rows of bony plates known as scutes. The color of the Sterlet varies from light to dark brown, with a white or yellowish belly. The snout is long and pointed with four barbels closer to the mouth. The barbels are used to detect food in the muddy river bottoms.

Habitat and Distribution

Sterlet is a freshwater fish, inhabiting large rivers and lakes. It prefers clean, well-oxygenated water with a sandy or gravelly bottom. The species is native to Eastern Europe, particularly the basins of the Black Sea, Azov Sea, and Caspian Sea. It is found in countries such as Russia, Ukraine, Romania, and Bulgaria.

Diet

Sterlet feeds primarily on benthic organisms, including worms, crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish. It uses its sensitive barbels to locate food in the sediment.

Reproduction

Sterlet reaches sexual maturity at around 3-7 years for males and 4-12 years for females. Spawning occurs in spring when the water temperature reaches 6-10°C (43-50°F). Females lay their eggs in gravel or sand, where they are fertilized by the males.

Economic Importance

Sterlet is of significant economic importance due to its use in aquaculture. It is farmed for its meat, which is considered a delicacy, and for its roe, which is used to produce caviar. Sterlet caviar is highly prized and is one of the most expensive types of caviar.

Conservation Status

The Sterlet is listed as "Vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List due to overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution. Efforts are being made to conserve the species through regulation of fishing and habitat restoration.

See Also

• Sturgeon
• Caviar
• Aquaculture