Capillary hemangioma

Capillary Hemangioma is a benign tumor that primarily affects the skin or mucous membranes. It is a common type of vascular tumor that occurs in infants and children, and is characterized by an abnormal proliferation of blood vessels.

Overview

Capillary hemangiomas are the most common type of hemangioma, a group of vascular tumors that can occur anywhere on the body. They are typically present at birth or appear within the first or second week of life. They grow rapidly for up to a year, then slowly regress over several years, often leaving a minimal or no residual lesion.

Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of capillary hemangiomas is not fully understood. It is believed that they result from a localized proliferation of endothelial cells, which line the blood vessels. This proliferation leads to the formation of a mass of small, tightly packed capillaries, which gives the lesion its characteristic red or purple color.

Clinical Features

Capillary hemangiomas are usually small, less than 2 cm in diameter, and are often located on the head or neck. They are typically bright red or purple, and may be flat or slightly raised. They can cause complications if they interfere with vision, breathing, or other vital functions.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of capillary hemangioma is usually based on the clinical appearance of the lesion. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other types of vascular tumors.

Treatment

The treatment of capillary hemangioma depends on the size and location of the lesion, as well as the presence of any complications. Small, uncomplicated hemangiomas may not require treatment, as they often regress spontaneously. Larger lesions, or those that interfere with vital functions, may be treated with laser therapy, corticosteroid injections, or surgical excision.

See Also

• Hemangioma
• Vascular tumor
• Skin tumor