Subepithelial connective tissue graft

Subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) is a surgical procedure used in periodontics to treat and prevent gum recession. It involves the transplantation of connective tissue from one part of the mouth to another. This procedure is often used to cover exposed root surfaces, enhance the aesthetics of the gum line, and prevent further gum recession.

Procedure

The SCTG procedure involves two sites in the mouth: the donor site, from where the graft is taken, and the recipient site, where the graft is placed. The donor site is usually the palate, while the recipient site is the area of gum recession.

The procedure begins with the administration of a local anesthetic. A small incision is made at the recipient site to create a pocket where the graft will be placed. At the donor site, a small amount of connective tissue is removed from beneath the epithelial layer of the palate. This tissue is then sutured into the pocket at the recipient site. The donor site is sutured closed to promote healing.

Benefits

The SCTG procedure has several benefits. It provides a stable, long-term solution for gum recession and can significantly improve the aesthetics of the gum line. The procedure also reduces tooth sensitivity by covering exposed root surfaces. Furthermore, it can prevent further gum recession and the associated risk of tooth loss.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, SCTG carries some risks and potential complications. These may include pain, swelling, and bleeding at the donor or recipient site. There is also a risk of infection, which can be minimized with proper oral hygiene and post-operative care. In some cases, the graft may not fully integrate with the surrounding tissue, requiring additional treatment.

Alternatives

There are several alternatives to SCTG, including coronally advanced flap surgery, acellular dermal matrix grafts, and guided tissue regeneration. The choice of procedure depends on the patient's specific needs and the clinician's expertise.

See Also

• Periodontics
• Gum recession
• Coronally advanced flap
• Acellular dermal matrix
• Guided tissue regeneration