Supreme Council for National Reconstruction

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장도영

Supreme Council for National Reconstruction

The Supreme Council for National Reconstruction (SCNR) was a military junta that ruled South Korea following the May 16 coup in 1961. The council was established by Park Chung-hee, who led the coup against the civilian government of Yun Bo-seon and Chang Myon. The SCNR was responsible for the governance of South Korea until the establishment of the Third Republic of Korea in 1963.

Formation and Objectives

The SCNR was formed on May 16, 1961, immediately after the successful military coup. The primary objectives of the council were to stabilize the political situation, combat corruption, and promote economic development. The council also aimed to suppress communist activities and strengthen national security in the face of the ongoing Korean War armistice.

Leadership

The SCNR was led by Park Chung-hee, who served as the chairman. Other key members included Kim Jong-pil, who played a significant role in the intelligence and security apparatus, and Yi Dong-won, who was involved in economic planning and development.

Policies and Reforms

The SCNR implemented a series of policies and reforms aimed at modernizing South Korea. These included:

• **Economic Reforms**: The council focused on industrialization and economic growth, laying the groundwork for the Miracle on the Han River.
• **Anti-Corruption Measures**: The SCNR launched campaigns to root out corruption within the government and military.
• **Educational Reforms**: Efforts were made to improve the education system to support economic development.
• **National Security**: The council strengthened the military and intelligence services to counteract potential threats from North Korea.

Dissolution

The SCNR was dissolved on December 17, 1963, following the election of Park Chung-hee as the President of South Korea. This marked the beginning of the Third Republic of Korea, which continued many of the policies initiated by the SCNR.

Legacy

The SCNR is often credited with laying the foundation for South Korea's rapid economic development and modernization. However, it is also criticized for its authoritarian methods and suppression of political dissent.

Related Pages

• Park Chung-hee
• May 16 coup
• Third Republic of Korea
• Miracle on the Han River
• Yun Bo-seon
• Chang Myon
• Korean War