Third Republic of Korea
South Korea
| Official name | Third Republic of Korea |
|---|---|
| Common name | South Korea |
| Motto | |
| Anthem | |
| Flag | .svg) |
| Coat of arms | .svg) |
| Capital | Seoul |
| Largest city | |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
The Third Republic of Korea (제3공화국) was the government of South Korea from 1963 to 1972. It was established following the dissolution of the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction and was succeeded by the Fourth Republic of Korea.
History[edit | edit source]
The Third Republic was established on December 17, 1963, following the end of military rule by the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction, which had been in power since the May 16 coup in 1961. The new government was led by President Park Chung-hee, who had been the chairman of the Supreme Council.
Political Developments[edit | edit source]
The Third Republic saw significant political developments, including the implementation of a new constitution in 1963, which restored civilian rule and established a presidential system. President Park Chung-hee was re-elected in 1967, and his administration focused on economic development and modernization.
Economic Policies[edit | edit source]
The government of the Third Republic implemented a series of Five-Year Plans aimed at rapid industrialization and economic growth. These policies led to significant improvements in infrastructure, manufacturing, and exports, contributing to what is known as the Miracle on the Han River.
Foreign Relations[edit | edit source]
During the Third Republic, South Korea maintained a strong alliance with the United States, which provided economic and military support. The period also saw increased tensions with North Korea, including incidents such as the Blue House raid in 1968 and the USS Pueblo incident.
End of the Third Republic[edit | edit source]
The Third Republic came to an end on December 27, 1972, when President Park Chung-hee declared martial law and introduced the Yushin Constitution, which marked the beginning of the Fourth Republic. This new constitution granted the president sweeping powers and extended his term indefinitely.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
