Synovial cavity

Synovial Cavity

The synovial cavity is a potential space found between the articular surfaces of synovial joints. It is filled with a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid known as synovial fluid, which serves to reduce friction between the articular cartilage during joint movement.

Structure

The synovial cavity is a non-collapsible space that is surrounded by the synovial membrane. This membrane is a specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of capsules of synovial joints and tendon sheath. It secretes synovial fluid which fills the synovial cavity.

Function

The primary function of the synovial cavity is to facilitate smooth movement of the joint. The synovial fluid within the cavity serves as a lubricant, reducing friction between the articular cartilage and other structures during movement. It also provides nutrients to the cartilage cells (chondrocytes) and removes waste products.

Clinical significance

In certain pathological conditions, such as arthritis, the synovial cavity can become inflamed, leading to pain and restricted movement. This condition is known as synovitis. In addition, excessive accumulation of fluid in the synovial cavity, a condition known as effusion, can also occur in various joint disorders.

See also

• Synovial joint
• Synovial fluid
• Synovial membrane
• Synovitis
• Effusion