TRPM5

TRPM5 or Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily M Member 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPM5 gene. It is a member of the transient receptor potential channel family and plays a crucial role in taste transduction.

Function

TRPM5 is a calcium-activated non-selective cation channel that is expressed in taste bud cells and plays a central role in taste sensation. It is involved in the perception of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes. The channel is activated by intracellular calcium, and being non-selective, it allows positive ions to move into the cell. This depolarizes the cell and leads to the firing of the action potential that will ultimately lead to the release of neurotransmitters and taste perception.

Structure

The TRPM5 protein is a transmembrane protein that forms a non-selective channel permeable to calcium ions. The protein is part of a larger family of TRP proteins that share a similar structure. It has six transmembrane domains and a pore-forming loop between the fifth and sixth domains. The N- and C-termini of the protein are located in the cytoplasm.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the TRPM5 gene have been associated with changes in taste perception. Some studies have suggested that variations in this gene may contribute to individual differences in taste preference and dietary habits. In addition, TRPM5 has been implicated in insulin secretion and is considered a potential target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

See Also

• Transient receptor potential channel
• Taste bud
• Action potential
• Diabetes