Table manners in North America

Dinner at Haddo House, 1884 by Alfred Edward Emslie

Table manners in North America refer to the etiquette which governs the conduct of individuals while eating in Canada, the United States, and to a lesser extent, Mexico. These manners are a combination of universal dining etiquette and customs that are peculiar to the cultural and historical practices of North America. Understanding and adhering to these manners is considered a sign of sophistication and respect for other diners.

History

The history of table manners in North America is a reflection of the continent's cultural evolution. Initially influenced by European settlers, particularly the British and the French, North American dining etiquette has evolved to incorporate elements from various cultures due to immigration and globalization. This blend of influences has resulted in a unique set of manners that varies slightly from one country to another within the continent.

Basic Principles

The basic principles of table manners in North America include:

• Utensil Etiquette: The use of forks, knives, and spoons follows the "outside-in" rule, where diners use the utensils on the outermost position first and work their way inwards with each course.
• Napkin Use: Napkins should be placed on the lap upon sitting down and used discreetly to dab the mouth. Upon completion of the meal, the napkin is loosely folded and placed to the left of the plate.
• Eating Habits: It is customary to wait until everyone has been served before starting to eat. Chewing with the mouth closed and not speaking with food in one's mouth are considered basic manners.
• Seating Arrangements: Hosts may assign seating to ensure a harmonious mix of guests. The guest of honor typically sits to the right of the host.

Specific Etiquette

• Tipping: In the United States and Canada, tipping is customary and expected for services, including at restaurants. The standard tip is between 15% to 20% of the pre-tax bill.
• Toasting: During formal dinners and special occasions, toasts may be offered. It is polite to participate, raise your glass, and take a sip after the toast is made.
• Passing Food: Food should be passed to the right (counter-clockwise). Salt and pepper should be passed together, even if only one is requested.

Cultural Variations

• In Mexico, traditional manners may include using tortillas as utensils to scoop food.
• In the United States, regional differences can influence dining etiquette, such as the use of hands for eating certain foods like burgers or barbecue.
• In Canada, French influence may be seen in more formal dining settings, emphasizing the use of proper utensils and courses.

Modern Considerations

With the advent of technology and changing social norms, new considerations have emerged in North American table manners:

• Smartphone Use: It is generally considered rude to use smartphones or other electronic devices at the table during meals.
• Dietary Restrictions: Awareness and accommodation of dietary restrictions and allergies are increasingly important in social dining settings.

Conclusion

Table manners in North America are a blend of traditional etiquette and modern considerations, reflecting the continent's diverse cultural heritage and social norms. While specific practices may vary by region and setting, the underlying principles of respect, courtesy, and consideration for fellow diners remain universal.