Tarsal

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Tarsal refers to a group of seven bones located in the foot, specifically in the area between the lower leg and the metatarsals. These bones are responsible for the foot's structure and movement. The tarsal bones include the talus, calcaneus, navicular, three cuneiform bones, and the cuboid.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The tarsal bones are arranged in two rows. The proximal row is formed by the talus and the calcaneus. The distal row is formed by the navicular, three cuneiform bones (medial, intermediate, and lateral), and the cuboid.

Talus[edit | edit source]

The talus is the second largest tarsal bone and is crucial for weight-bearing and movement. It articulates with the tibia and fibula in the ankle joint.

Calcaneus[edit | edit source]

The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and forms the heel. It supports the talus above and articulates with the cuboid in front.

Navicular[edit | edit source]

The navicular is boat-shaped and located in front of the talus.

Cuneiform Bones[edit | edit source]

The three cuneiform bones are wedge-shaped and located in front of the navicular. They are named for their location: medial, intermediate, and lateral.

Cuboid[edit | edit source]

The cuboid is cube-shaped and located in front of the calcaneus.

Function[edit | edit source]

The tarsal bones play a crucial role in the foot's structure and movement. They provide support and stability, allow for a range of motion, and help absorb shock.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Injuries or disorders affecting the tarsal bones can lead to foot pain and mobility issues. These include fractures, arthritis, and deformities.

Tarsal Resources
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD