Tetramethyldiborane

Tetramethyldiborane is a chemical compound with the formula (CH3)4B2H2. It is a member of the diborane family of compounds, which are characterized by the presence of two boron atoms and a varying number of hydrogen atoms and other substituents. Tetramethyldiborane is notable for its four methyl groups, which contribute to its unique chemical properties.

Structure and Bonding

Tetramethyldiborane adopts a structure similar to that of diborane, with two boron atoms linked by a bridging hydrogen atom. The four methyl groups are attached to the boron atoms, resulting in a highly symmetrical structure. The boron-hydrogen-boron bridge is a key feature of diborane and its derivatives, and is responsible for many of their unusual properties.

Synthesis

Tetramethyldiborane can be synthesized by the reaction of dimethylborane with hydrogen at high temperatures. This reaction is typically carried out in a sealed tube, and requires careful control of the reaction conditions to ensure the formation of the desired product.

Properties and Reactions

Tetramethyldiborane is a colorless liquid at room temperature, with a boiling point of approximately 60 degrees Celsius. It is highly reactive, and can undergo a variety of chemical reactions. For example, it can react with oxygen to form boron oxide and methane, or with water to produce boric acid and methane.

Applications

While tetramethyldiborane is primarily of interest for its chemical properties, it also has potential applications in the field of materials science. For example, it can be used as a precursor for the deposition of boron-containing films, which have potential uses in semiconductor technology.

Safety

Like many boron compounds, tetramethyldiborane is toxic and should be handled with care. It is also highly flammable, and should be stored away from sources of ignition.