Thomas Cadwalader

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Dr Thomas Cadwalader, by Charles Willson Peale (1741 - 1827)

Thomas Cadwalader (1707 – November 14, 1779) was a prominent American physician in the 18th century. He was a key figure in the development of medical practice in colonial America and played a significant role in the establishment of several medical institutions.

Early Life and Education

Thomas Cadwalader was born in Philadelphia, Province of Pennsylvania, in 1707. He was the son of John Cadwalader, a successful merchant, and Martha Jones. Cadwalader pursued his medical education in Europe, studying at the University of Edinburgh and other prestigious institutions before returning to America to practice medicine.

Medical Career

Upon his return to Philadelphia, Cadwalader quickly established himself as a leading physician. He was one of the founding members of the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the American colonies, which was established in 1751. Cadwalader's contributions to the hospital were significant, and he served as one of its first physicians.

Cadwalader was also involved in the establishment of the American Philosophical Society, an organization dedicated to the promotion of useful knowledge in the sciences and humanities. He was a close associate of Benjamin Franklin, who was also a founding member of the society.

Contributions to Medicine

Thomas Cadwalader is best known for his work in the field of smallpox inoculation. He was a strong advocate for the practice, which was controversial at the time, and he performed numerous inoculations during smallpox outbreaks in Philadelphia. His efforts helped to reduce the mortality rate from the disease and contributed to the eventual acceptance of inoculation as a standard medical practice.

In addition to his work with smallpox, Cadwalader made significant contributions to the understanding and treatment of various other medical conditions. He published several papers on medical topics, including a notable work on the treatment of pleurisy.

Personal Life

Thomas Cadwalader married Hannah Lambert in 1738, and the couple had several children, including John Cadwalader (general), who became a prominent figure in the American Revolutionary War. The Cadwalader family was well-respected in Philadelphia society, and Thomas Cadwalader's legacy continued through his descendants.

Death and Legacy

Thomas Cadwalader passed away on November 14, 1779, in Trenton, New Jersey. He is remembered as a pioneering physician who made significant contributions to the development of medical practice in colonial America. His work in smallpox inoculation and his involvement in the founding of important medical institutions have left a lasting impact on the field of medicine.

Related Pages

• Pennsylvania Hospital
• American Philosophical Society
• Benjamin Franklin
• John Cadwalader (general)
• Smallpox