Thomas Parran (surgeon general)

Thomas Parran, Jr., photo portrait as surgeon general

Thomas Parran Jr. (September 28, 1892 – February 16, 1968) was an American physician and public health official. He served as the Surgeon General of the United States from 1936 to 1948. Parran is best known for his work in public health, particularly in the areas of venereal disease control and public health education.

Early Life and Education

Thomas Parran Jr. was born in St. Leonard, Maryland. He attended St. John's College (Annapolis, Maryland) and later graduated from the Georgetown University School of Medicine in 1915. After completing his medical degree, Parran joined the United States Public Health Service (USPHS).

Career

Early Career

Parran's early career in the USPHS involved work on various public health initiatives, including campaigns against tuberculosis and malaria. He quickly rose through the ranks due to his dedication and innovative approaches to public health challenges.

Surgeon General

In 1936, Parran was appointed as the Surgeon General of the United States by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. During his tenure, he focused on combating venereal diseases, which were a significant public health issue at the time. Parran advocated for widespread public health education and the establishment of clinics for the treatment of venereal diseases.

One of his notable achievements was the publication of the book "Shadow on the Land," which highlighted the prevalence of syphilis in the United States and called for a national campaign to eradicate the disease. His efforts led to the passage of the National Venereal Disease Control Act in 1938.

Later Career and Legacy

After retiring as Surgeon General in 1948, Parran continued to be active in public health. He served as the first dean of the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, where he helped shape the future of public health education.

Parran's legacy is complex. While he made significant contributions to public health, his involvement in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, a controversial and unethical study on untreated syphilis in African American men, has marred his reputation.

Personal Life

Thomas Parran Jr. was married to Anna Parran, and they had three children. He passed away on February 16, 1968, in Chevy Chase, Maryland.

See Also

• Surgeon General of the United States
• Public health
• Venereal disease
• Tuskegee Syphilis Study
• University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health