Three Treasures (traditional Chinese medicine)

Chinese woodcut; Daoist internal alchemy (3) Wellcome L0038973

Chinese woodcut; Daoist internal alchemy (13) Wellcome L0038983

性命圭旨 三家相見圖

Three Treasures (Simplified Chinese: 三宝; Traditional Chinese: 三寶; Pinyin: sānbǎo) are fundamental concepts in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Chinese philosophy. They comprise three essential energies or vital substances necessary for sustaining human life: Qi (气/氣), Jing (精), and Shen (神). These treasures are interdependent and their balance is crucial for maintaining health and longevity. The concept of the Three Treasures is deeply rooted in Taoism and serves as a foundation for various practices within TCM, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, and qigong.

Qi

Qi is often translated as "vital energy" or "life force". It is the most dynamic of the three treasures, constantly moving and changing. Qi is responsible for the energetic processes in the body, including the circulation of blood, the function of organs, and the immune system. It is believed that Qi flows through the body along pathways known as meridians. Imbalances in Qi can lead to illness, and many TCM treatments aim to restore its balance.

Jing

Jing is translated as "essence" and is considered the most dense and material of the three treasures. It is the basis for the body's constitution, growth, development, reproduction, and aging. Jing is stored in the kidneys and is slowly consumed throughout a person's life. Practices such as diet, exercise, and certain TCM therapies can help preserve Jing and, by extension, promote longevity and vitality.

Shen

Shen represents the spirit or mind aspect of the Three Treasures. It is associated with consciousness, emotions, and mental health. A balanced Shen is reflected in a clear mind, a calm spirit, and a positive outlook on life. Disturbances in Shen can manifest as emotional distress, anxiety, or other mental health issues. TCM practices such as meditation and acupuncture are used to nurture and balance Shen.

Interrelationship

The Three Treasures are deeply interconnected. Qi is considered the force that activates and moves Jing, while Shen is the ultimate manifestation of Qi and Jing. A deficiency or imbalance in one treasure can affect the others, leading to a variety of health issues. TCM practitioners assess the state of the Three Treasures in their patients to diagnose illnesses and tailor treatments.

Cultivation and Preservation

In TCM and Taoist practices, much emphasis is placed on the cultivation and preservation of the Three Treasures. Techniques such as qigong, Tai Chi, meditation, and specific dietary regimens are employed to enhance Qi, conserve Jing, and stabilize Shen. These practices aim to promote health, prevent disease, and extend life.