Tracheal intubation

Tracheal intubation is a medical procedure in which a tube is inserted into the trachea (windpipe) to establish and maintain an open airway. This procedure is often performed in emergency situations, in the operating room, or in an intensive care unit (ICU) to assist with breathing or to administer certain drugs.

Procedure

The procedure of tracheal intubation involves the use of a laryngoscope to view the larynx (voice box) and the vocal cords. The tube is then inserted between the vocal cords and into the trachea. The tube is typically attached to a machine that can deliver oxygen and other gases to the patient. This machine is known as a ventilator.

Indications

Tracheal intubation is indicated in a variety of situations, including respiratory failure, severe trauma, and during certain surgical procedures. It may also be used in cases of airway obstruction or in patients who are unable to protect their airway due to a decreased level of consciousness.

Risks and Complications

While tracheal intubation can be life-saving, it is not without risks. Complications can include injury to the teeth, larynx, or trachea, infection, and difficulty in removing the tube. In some cases, the tube may be incorrectly placed into the esophagus instead of the trachea, which can lead to serious complications.

Alternatives

In some cases, other methods of airway management may be used instead of tracheal intubation. These can include the use of a bag-valve-mask device, non-invasive ventilation, or a tracheostomy.

See Also

• Airway management
• Mechanical ventilation
• Anesthesia