Trigger digit

Trigger Finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition where a finger or thumb gets stuck in a bent position and then straightens with a snap, similar to a trigger being pulled and released. This condition occurs when inflammation narrows the space within the sheath that surrounds the tendon in the affected finger. If severe, the finger may become locked in a bent position.

Causes and Risk Factors

Trigger finger is caused by a narrowing of the sheath that surrounds the tendon of the affected finger. Factors that may increase the risk of developing trigger finger include:

• Repetitive Strain: Activities that involve repetitive gripping actions can increase the risk of trigger finger.
• Certain Health Conditions: People with conditions such as Diabetes and Rheumatoid Arthritis are at higher risk.
• Gender and Age: It is more common in women and in people aged 40 to 60.

Symptoms

Symptoms of trigger finger may progress from mild to severe and include:

• A popping or clicking sensation as you move your finger
• Tenderness or a bump (nodule) in the palm at the base of the affected finger
• Finger stiffness, particularly in the morning
• The finger catching or locking in a bent position, which suddenly pops straight
• Inability to fully flex the finger

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of trigger finger is primarily based on a physical exam. Your doctor may observe the range of motion of your finger and look for any signs of locking or clicking. Imaging tests are rarely necessary.

Treatment

Treatment options for trigger finger vary depending on the severity of the condition:

• Rest: Avoiding activities that require repetitive gripping can help relieve symptoms.
• Splinting: A splint may be used to keep the affected finger in an extended position for healing.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help relieve pain and inflammation.
• Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the tendon sheath may reduce inflammation and allow the tendon to glide more freely.
• Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to cut the constricted section of the tendon sheath.

Prevention

Preventive measures for trigger finger include:

• Regular breaks during repetitive activities to reduce strain on your fingers.
• Exercises to strengthen the fingers.
• Using ergonomic tools that require less force to grip.

See Also

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
• Tendinitis
• Rheumatoid Arthritis