Triacylglycerol lipase

Triacylglycerol lipase (also known as TAG lipase, triglyceride lipase, or triacylglycerol hydrolase) is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs) into glycerol and fatty acids. This process is a crucial part of lipid metabolism, as it allows the body to break down stored fats for energy use.

Function

Triacylglycerol lipase is primarily found in the pancreas, where it is secreted into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of dietary fats. It is also present in other tissues, such as the adipose tissue, where it helps to mobilize stored fats during periods of fasting or exercise.

The enzyme works by cleaving the ester bonds between the glycerol backbone and the fatty acid chains of the TAG molecule. This results in the release of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule, which can then be absorbed by the body and used for energy production.

Clinical significance

Deficiencies or mutations in the gene encoding for triacylglycerol lipase can lead to various health conditions. For instance, pancreatic lipase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that results in the inability to properly digest dietary fats, leading to malnutrition and failure to thrive. On the other hand, overactivity of this enzyme can contribute to the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome, as it leads to an excessive release of fatty acids into the bloodstream.

See also

• Lipase
• Lipid metabolism
• Triacylglycerol