Tylvalosin

Tylvalosin is a macrolide antibiotic used in veterinary medicine to treat certain types of bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against Mycoplasma and other Gram-positive bacteria, and is commonly used in the treatment of respiratory diseases in pigs and poultry.

Chemistry

Tylvalosin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic, derived from tylosin. It has a molecular formula of C46H77NO17 and a molecular weight of 916.09 g/mol. The compound is a white to off-white powder that is soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol, but insoluble in water.

Pharmacology

Tylvalosin works by inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, thereby stopping their growth and reproduction. It binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing the translocation of peptides.

Uses

Tylvalosin is used in veterinary medicine to treat respiratory diseases in pigs and poultry caused by Mycoplasma and other susceptible bacteria. It is also used to treat swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae.

Administration and Dosage

Tylvalosin is administered orally in the feed of animals. The dosage varies depending on the type and severity of the infection, but generally ranges from 2.5 to 5 mg/kg body weight.

Side Effects

As with all antibiotics, use of tylvalosin can result in the development of drug resistance. Other potential side effects include gastrointestinal upset, such as diarrhea and vomiting.

See Also

• Macrolide
• Veterinary Antibiotics
• Mycoplasma
• Swine Dysentery