USSR
USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), also known as the Soviet Union, was a federal socialist state in Northern Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. It was a state governed as a single-party system, with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) as the central institution.
History[edit | edit source]
The USSR was established in 1922, following the end of the Russian Civil War, as a federation of several Soviet republics. The first leader of the USSR was Vladimir Lenin. After Lenin's death in 1924, Joseph Stalin came to power and led the USSR through a large-scale industrialization program.
During World War II, the USSR was one of the Allied Powers and played a significant role in the defeat of Nazi Germany. After the war, the USSR emerged as one of the world's two superpowers, the other being the United States. This led to the Cold War, a period of geopolitical tension between the two powers.
The USSR dissolved in 1991, leading to the establishment of the Russian Federation and 14 other independent countries.
Politics[edit | edit source]
The USSR was a one-party state, with the Communist Party as the only legal party. The Politburo was the highest policy-making government authority under the CPSU. The General Secretary was the leader of the CPSU and the highest office in the USSR.
Economy[edit | edit source]
The economy of the USSR was based on a system of state ownership of the means of production, collective farming, industrial manufacturing and centralized administrative planning. The USSR was a major world producer of industrial products, including steel, coal, and oil.
Culture[edit | edit source]
The culture of the USSR was heavily influenced by the policies of the Communist Party, which sought to control cultural life through a program called Socialist realism. The USSR made significant contributions to music, literature, art, sports and technology.
Legacy[edit | edit source]
The legacy of the USSR continues to influence world events and the political and economic landscape of the former Soviet republics.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
