Upper crossed syndrome

Upper crossed syndrome (UCS) is a musculoskeletal condition that is characterized by specific imbalances in the muscles of the upper body. The term was coined by Vladimir Janda, a Czech neurologist and physiatrist, who observed predictable patterns of muscle imbalances in patients with musculoskeletal pain.

Overview

Upper crossed syndrome is named for the "X" shape made by the tight and weak muscles in the upper body. The "cross" is formed by the tightness of the upper trapezius and levator scapula on the dorsal side crosses with the tightness of the pectoralis major and minor. Weakness of the deep cervical flexors ventrally crosses with weakness of the middle and lower trapezius.

Causes

The primary cause of upper crossed syndrome is poor posture. This can be due to a variety of factors, including sedentary lifestyle, improper ergonomics, and lack of exercise. The condition is particularly common in individuals who spend long periods sitting or looking down at their phones or computers, a posture often referred to as "tech neck."

Symptoms

Common symptoms of upper crossed syndrome include neck pain, shoulder pain, and headaches. Other symptoms can include upper back pain, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating due to the discomfort. If left untreated, the condition can lead to more serious problems such as disc herniation or nerve impingement.

Treatment

Treatment for upper crossed syndrome typically involves a combination of physical therapy, chiropractic care, and exercise. The goal of treatment is to correct the muscle imbalances by strengthening the weak muscles and stretching the tight ones. This can often be achieved through targeted exercises and stretches, as well as lifestyle modifications to improve posture.

Prevention

Prevention of upper crossed syndrome primarily involves maintaining good posture and taking regular breaks from sitting or looking down. Regular exercise, particularly exercises that strengthen the back and neck muscles, can also be beneficial.

See also

• Lower crossed syndrome
• Posture (psychology)
• Ergonomics
• Physical therapy

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