Vaginal rugae

Anatomical feature of the vagina

Vaginal rugae are the transverse ridges of the internal vaginal wall. These ridges are made up of epithelial tissue and underlying connective tissue, and they allow the vagina to expand during sexual intercourse and childbirth.

Structure

Vaginal rugae are a series of ridges produced by the folding of the wall of the vagina. These folds are most prominent in the anterior and posterior walls of the vagina. The rugae are composed of stratified squamous epithelium and a layer of connective tissue that contains elastic fibers. This structure allows the vagina to stretch significantly, accommodating the passage of a baby during childbirth and the insertion of objects during sexual activity.

Function

The primary function of vaginal rugae is to provide the vagina with the ability to stretch and expand. This is crucial for accommodating the penis during intercourse and for allowing the passage of a baby during childbirth. The rugae also help maintain the structural integrity of the vaginal wall and contribute to the sensation during intercourse.

Clinical significance

Vaginal rugae can be affected by various conditions. For example, they may become less pronounced after childbirth or with aging, which can lead to a condition known as vaginal laxity. This can affect sexual function and may be addressed with various medical or surgical treatments. Additionally, the presence and condition of vaginal rugae can be an indicator of hormonal status and overall vaginal health.

Related pages

• Vagina
• Childbirth
• Sexual intercourse
• Epithelium

Gallery

• Illustration from The Science and Art of Midwifery (1891)