Vaginal atrophy

Vaginal atrophy, also known as atrophic vaginitis, is a condition characterized by the thinning, drying, and inflammation of the vaginal walls due to the body's decreased levels of estrogen. It is most commonly experienced by women during and after menopause, but can also occur at any age where there is a significant reduction in estrogen levels.

Symptoms

The symptoms of vaginal atrophy can vary from woman to woman, but often include:

• Vaginal dryness
• Vaginal burning
• Vaginal discharge
• Genital itching
• Burning with urination
• Urgency with urination
• More urinary tract infections
• Urinary incontinence
• Light bleeding after intercourse
• Discomfort with intercourse
• Decreased vaginal lubrication during sexual activity
• Shortening and tightening of the vaginal canal

Causes

Vaginal atrophy is primarily caused by a decrease in estrogen levels, which can occur:

• During the years leading up to menopause (perimenopause)
• After menopause
• During the years following childbirth, particularly in women who are breastfeeding
• After surgical removal of both ovaries (surgical menopause)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of vaginal atrophy may involve:

• A pelvic exam, during which your doctor notes changes in your vaginal canal
• A urine test, which can help identify if your symptoms are being caused by an infection
• A vaginal acidity test, as the acid balance of the vagina changes during atrophy

Treatment

Treatment for vaginal atrophy may involve hormone therapy, or non-hormonal treatments such as vaginal moisturizers or lubricants. In some cases, regular sexual activity can also help to maintain healthy vaginal tissues.

See also

• Menopause
• Estrogen
• Hormone therapy
• Urinary incontinence
• Urinary tract infection

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