Superior mesenteric vein

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{{{Name}}}
Details
Source	small intestine, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon
Identifiers
Latin	vena mesenterica superior
TA98
TH	{{#property:P1694}}
TE	{{#property:P1693}}
FMA	{{#property:P1402}}
Anatomical terminology

The superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a major blood vessel in the abdomen that drains blood from the small intestine, cecum, ascending colon, and part of the transverse colon. It is a crucial component of the hepatic portal system, which directs blood from parts of the gastrointestinal tract to the liver.

Anatomy

The superior mesenteric vein is located to the right of the superior mesenteric artery. It begins in the right iliac fossa, where it receives tributaries from the ileum and cecum. It ascends in the root of the mesentery and passes in front of the third part of the duodenum and the uncinate process of the pancreas. It then joins with the splenic vein behind the neck of the pancreas to form the hepatic portal vein.

Tributaries

The superior mesenteric vein receives blood from several tributaries, including:

• The jejunal veins and ileal veins, which drain the jejunum and ileum.
• The ileocolic vein, which drains the ileum, cecum, and appendix.
• The right colic vein, which drains the ascending colon.
• The middle colic vein, which drains the transverse colon.
• The right gastroepiploic vein, which drains the greater curvature of the stomach.

Function

The primary function of the superior mesenteric vein is to transport nutrient-rich blood from the intestines to the liver. This blood is processed in the liver, where nutrients are metabolized, toxins are detoxified, and various substances are stored or released into the bloodstream.

Clinical significance

Conditions affecting the superior mesenteric vein can have significant clinical implications. Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis is a condition where a blood clot forms in the vein, which can lead to intestinal ischemia and necrosis. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloody stools. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications.

See also

• Inferior mesenteric vein
• Hepatic portal vein
• Superior mesenteric artery
• Mesentery

References

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