Vesiculovirus

Vesiculovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Mammals, including humans, and insects serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: vesicular stomatitis.

Taxonomy

The genus Vesiculovirus is one of the seven genera in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. The genus contains the following species:

• Almpiwar virus
• Carajas virus
• Chandipura virus
• Cocal virus
• Flanders virus
• Isfahan virus
• Jurona virus
• Maraba virus
• Piry virus
• Radi virus
• Vesicular stomatitis Alagoas virus
• Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus
• Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus

Structure

Vesiculoviruses are enveloped, with bullet-shaped and bacilliform geometries. The diameter is around 70 nm. Genomes are linear, around 11 kb in length.

Life Cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral G glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Replication follows the negative stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and tubule-guided viral movement. Mammals and insects serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are contamination, contact, and airborne particles.

Clinical Significance

Vesiculoviruses are notable for their ability to cause disease in both humans and animals. The most well-known disease caused by a vesiculovirus is Vesicular stomatitis, which can affect horses, cattle, and pigs. In humans, infection with a vesiculovirus can cause flu-like symptoms.

See Also

• Viral replication
• Viral envelope
• Viral transcription
• Viral evolution