Pancreatic enzymes (medication)

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Pancreatic enzymes are medications that contain a mixture of digestive enzymes including amylase, lipase, and protease. These enzymes are essential for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, respectively. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is commonly used to treat conditions where the pancreas does not produce enough enzymes, such as pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and pancreatic cancer.

Mechanism of Action

Pancreatic enzymes work by supplementing the body's natural digestive enzymes. When taken with meals, they help break down food into smaller, absorbable nutrients. This is particularly important for individuals with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), where the pancreas fails to secrete sufficient digestive enzymes.

Indications

Pancreatic enzyme medications are indicated for:

• Chronic pancreatitis
• Cystic fibrosis
• Pancreatic cancer
• Post-surgical conditions affecting the pancreas
• Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Administration

Pancreatic enzymes are typically administered orally in the form of capsules or tablets. They should be taken with meals or snacks to ensure that the enzymes mix with food in the stomach and small intestine. Dosage is individualized based on the severity of enzyme deficiency and the fat content of the diet.

Side Effects

Common side effects of pancreatic enzyme medications include:

• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea
• Constipation

Rare but serious side effects can include:

• Allergic reactions
• Fibrosing colonopathy (in high doses)

Monitoring and Adjustments

Patients on pancreatic enzyme therapy should be regularly monitored to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment and to adjust dosages as necessary. Monitoring may include:

• Stool fat tests
• Nutritional assessments
• Symptom tracking

Related Pages

• Pancreas
• Digestive system
• Enzyme
• Cystic fibrosis
• Pancreatitis
• Pancreatic cancer
• Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency