Vitus Bering

Vitus Bering

1966 CPA 3446

Berings ships wrecked

The grave of Vitus Bering

Vitus Jonassen Bering (b. August 1681, Horsens, Denmark – d. 19 December 1741, Bering Island, near Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia) was a Danish navigator and explorer who worked for the Russian navy, undertaking two major expeditions that expanded the Russian Empire to America and led to substantial discoveries in the North Pacific. He is best known for his explorations of the far eastern coasts of the Russian Empire and for proving that Asia and North America were separate land masses.

Early Life

Vitus Bering was born in Horsens, Denmark, in 1681. Little is known about his early life before he entered the Dutch navy and later the Russian navy in 1703. Bering's naval career with Russia began under Tsar Peter the Great, who was keen on modernizing the Russian navy and expanding Russian territories.

First Kamchatka Expedition

In 1725, Tsar Peter the Great commissioned Bering to lead the First Kamchatka Expedition with the aim of exploring far eastern Siberia and seeking a possible land connection between Asia and North America. Bering and his crew traveled overland to Kamchatka and constructed the ship Gabriel to explore the waters of the North Pacific. In 1728, Bering sailed through the strait that would later bear his name, the Bering Strait, reaching the Arctic Ocean and proving that Asia and North America were not connected by land. However, due to poor visibility and the absence of a clear view of the Alaskan coast, Bering could not conclusively prove the existence of a sea route to North America.

Second Kamchatka Expedition

The Second Kamchatka Expedition, launched in 1733 and lasting until 1743, was one of the largest exploration ventures of the 18th century, involving over 3,000 people, including scientists, artists, and mariners. Bering was again in command. This expedition aimed to further explore the North Pacific, map the Siberian coast, and establish whether Asia and North America were separated by sea. In 1741, Bering set sail from Kamchatka aboard the St. Peter, reaching the coast of Alaska. The expedition made significant contributions to the mapping of the northern Pacific and the coasts of North America and Northeast Asia. Unfortunately, Bering fell ill and died on the return voyage, stranded on what is now known as Bering Island.

Legacy

Vitus Bering's expeditions had a lasting impact on the exploration of the North Pacific and the expansion of the Russian Empire into North America. His voyages led to the discovery of many islands, the mapping of previously uncharted territories, and increased trade and exploration in the region. The Bering Strait, Bering Sea, and Bering Island, among other geographical features, are named in his honor, commemorating his contributions to exploration and navigation.

Death and Memorials

Bering died on 19 December 1741 on Bering Island, where he and some of his crew were stranded due to shipwreck and scurvy. A monument on Bering Island marks his grave, and several memorials in Russia and Denmark honor his achievements and contributions to exploration. Template:Exploration-stub