Water Supply And Sanitation In India

Water Supply and Sanitation in India refers to the provision and management of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities in the country of India. Despite significant improvements over the past decades, challenges still remain in terms of accessibility, quality, and sustainability.

Overview

India is the second most populous country in the world, with a population of over 1.3 billion people. The country's water supply and sanitation infrastructure has struggled to keep pace with the rapid population growth. While progress has been made in increasing access to clean water and sanitation, disparities exist. Rural areas and marginalized communities often have less access to these basic services compared to urban areas and wealthier populations.

Water Supply

The main sources of water supply in India are groundwater, surface water from rivers and reservoirs, and rainwater harvesting. The country's reliance on groundwater has led to over-extraction, causing water scarcity and quality issues. The government has implemented various initiatives to promote sustainable water use, such as the Jal Jeevan Mission aimed at providing piped water supply to every rural household by 2024.

Sanitation

Sanitation in India has historically been a major issue, with a significant proportion of the population lacking access to basic sanitation. The government launched the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) in 2014, aiming to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management. Despite these efforts, challenges remain in terms of sustainability and behavior change.

Challenges and Solutions

Key challenges in water supply and sanitation in India include water scarcity, pollution, inadequate infrastructure, and behavior change. Solutions include improving water management, investing in infrastructure, promoting behavior change, and strengthening institutional capacity.

See Also

• Water scarcity in India
• Sanitation in India
• Water management in India
• Water pollution in India

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