Zanosar

Zanosar (also known as Streptozocin) is a chemotherapy drug that is primarily used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. It is a naturally occurring alkylating agent derived from Streptomyces achromogenes, a strain of soil bacteria.

History

Zanosar was first isolated in the early 1950s by researchers at the pharmaceutical company Upjohn (now part of Pfizer). It was approved by the FDA in 1982 for the treatment of metastatic pancreatic islet cell cancer.

Mechanism of Action

Zanosar works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, which prevents them from dividing and growing. It is particularly effective against islet cell tumors because it is taken up more readily by these cells than by other types of cells. This is due to the presence of a glucose molecule in the structure of Zanosar, which allows it to be transported into the cell via the glucose transport mechanism.

Side Effects

Like all chemotherapy drugs, Zanosar can have serious side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue. More serious side effects can include kidney damage, liver damage, and bone marrow suppression, which can lead to a decrease in the number of blood cells in the body.

Dosage and Administration

Zanosar is administered intravenously, usually in a hospital or clinic setting. The dosage is determined by the patient's body surface area, and the drug is typically given once a week.

See Also

• Chemotherapy
• Pancreatic cancer
• Alkylating agent
• Streptomyces