Nephrotoxicity
Nephrotoxicity is a term used to describe kidney damage caused by drugs, toxins, or other substances. It is a significant concern in the medical field due to the vital role the kidneys play in the body's overall health. The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste and excess substances from the blood, which are then excreted in the urine. When the kidneys are damaged, they may not function properly, leading to a variety of health problems.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Nephrotoxicity can be caused by a variety of substances, including certain medications, environmental toxins, and illegal drugs. Some of the most common causes include:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Antibiotics
- Chemotherapy drugs
- Radiographic contrast media
- Heavy metals
- Alcohol
- Illegal drugs
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of nephrotoxicity can vary greatly depending on the cause and severity of the kidney damage. Some people may not experience any symptoms, while others may experience:
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosing nephrotoxicity involves a variety of tests and procedures, including:
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for nephrotoxicity depends on the cause and severity of the kidney damage. In some cases, stopping or changing the medication or substance causing the damage may be enough to reverse the damage. In other cases, treatment may involve:
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Preventing nephrotoxicity involves avoiding substances that can damage the kidneys, as well as managing underlying health conditions that can increase the risk of kidney damage. This may involve:
- Regularly monitoring kidney function
- Using medications as directed
- Avoiding illegal drugs and excessive alcohol
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Managing conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
