Metastatic

Metastatic refers to the process by which cancer cells spread from the place where they first formed to another part of the body. This process involves a complex series of steps in which cancer cells grow into tumors, invade the surrounding tissue, enter the bloodstream or lymph system, and travel to other parts of the body.

Causes

The exact cause of metastasis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic mutations in the cancer cells and interactions with the surrounding environment. Some of the factors that may contribute to metastasis include the type of cancer, the stage of the cancer, the patient's age and overall health, and the presence of other diseases or conditions.

Symptoms

The symptoms of metastatic cancer depend on where the cancer has spread. For example, if the cancer has spread to the bones, symptoms may include pain and fractures. If the cancer has spread to the lungs, symptoms may include shortness of breath and coughing. Other common symptoms of metastatic cancer include fatigue, weight loss, and loss of appetite.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of metastatic cancer typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests. These tests may include blood tests, imaging tests (such as CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans), and biopsies.

Treatment

Treatment for metastatic cancer depends on the type of cancer, the location and size of the metastases, the patient's age and overall health, and the patient's personal preferences. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy, or a combination of these treatments.

Prognosis

The prognosis for metastatic cancer varies widely and depends on many factors, including the type of cancer, the location and size of the metastases, the patient's age and overall health, and the effectiveness of treatment.

See also

• Cancer
• Oncology
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy

Metastatic Resources
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