Zoonotic

Zoonotic diseases or zoonoses are infectious diseases that are transmitted between species, usually from animals to humans. The term is derived from the Greek words zoon ('animal') and nosos ('disease').

Overview

Zoonotic diseases can be caused by a range of disease pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites; and can also involve unconventional agents and can manifest as chronic and acute diseases. Zoonoses can be transmitted to humans by both domestic animals and wildlife. Animals play an essential role in maintaining zoonotic infections in nature.

Transmission

Zoonoses can be transmitted to humans in a number of ways. Direct transmission occurs when there is direct contact with the blood, saliva, mucus, urine, or other body fluids of an infected animal. This can occur through biting or scratching, or even through touching an animal's skin or fur.

Indirect transmission occurs when a human comes into contact with an area or object that has been contaminated by an infected animal. This can include contaminated water or food, or through vectors like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas.

Prevention and Control

Prevention and control of zoonotic diseases primarily involves veterinary intervention and human education about risk factors and behaviors that can potentially lead to exposure to zoonotic pathogens.

See Also

• Infectious disease
• Epidemiology
• Public health

References

Zoonotic Resources
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