Zygapophyseal joint

Zygapophyseal Joint

The Zygapophyseal joint (also known as a facet joint or Z-joint) is a type of synovial joint that connects the vertebrae in the spinal column. Each vertebra in the spine has a pair of zygapophyseal joints, which are located on either side of the vertebra. These joints are responsible for facilitating movement and providing stability to the spine.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The zygapophyseal joint is composed of two articular processes: the superior articular process, which extends upwards from a lower vertebra, and the inferior articular process, which extends downwards from an upper vertebra. These processes are covered with hyaline cartilage and are enclosed within a joint capsule filled with synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and reduces friction during movement.

Function[edit | edit source]

The primary function of the zygapophyseal joint is to control the movement of the spine. These joints allow for flexion, extension, and rotation of the vertebral column. They also play a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the spine by preventing excessive movement that could lead to injury.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Due to their role in facilitating movement, zygapophyseal joints are susceptible to various conditions and disorders. Osteoarthritis of the zygapophyseal joint, also known as facet joint arthritis, is a common condition that results in pain and stiffness in the spine. Other conditions that can affect the zygapophyseal joints include facet joint syndrome and spondylolisthesis.