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== 15th Century ==

The 15th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1401, to December 31, 1500. It is considered part of the Late Middle Ages, the period in European history which followed the Middle Ages and preceded the Early Modern period.

Historical Context

The 15th century was marked by significant events and developments in various parts of the world. In Europe, it was a time of transition from the medieval period to the Renaissance. The century saw the fall of the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, which marked the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance.

Europe

In Europe, the 15th century was characterized by the rise of powerful nation-states, the decline of feudalism, and significant cultural and intellectual developments. The Hundred Years' War between England and France came to an end in 1453, leading to the consolidation of both nations. The War of the Roses in England, a series of civil wars for control of the throne, also took place during this century.

The Renaissance, a cultural movement that began in Italy in the late 14th century, flourished during the 15th century. This period saw a renewed interest in the classical art, literature, and learning of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Notable figures of the Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Niccolò Machiavelli.

Asia

In Asia, the 15th century was a period of significant change and development. The Ming Dynasty in China saw a period of stability and prosperity. The Ottoman Empire continued to expand, capturing Constantinople in 1453 and marking the end of the Byzantine Empire. In Japan, the Muromachi period was characterized by the rise of the samurai class and the establishment of the Ashikaga shogunate.

Americas

In the Americas, the 15th century saw the rise of powerful civilizations such as the Aztec Empire in Mesoamerica and the Inca Empire in South America. These civilizations developed complex societies with advanced agricultural practices, impressive architectural achievements, and rich cultural traditions.

Africa

In Africa, the 15th century was marked by the rise of powerful kingdoms and empires such as the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. These empires were known for their wealth, trade networks, and centers of learning, such as the city of Timbuktu.

Key Events

• 1401: The University of St Andrews is founded in Scotland.
• 1415: The Battle of Agincourt takes place during the Hundred Years' War.
• 1453: The Fall of Constantinople marks the end of the Byzantine Empire.
• 1492: Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas.
• 1494: The Treaty of Tordesillas divides the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain.

Related Pages

• Middle Ages
• Renaissance
• Byzantine Empire
• Hundred Years' War
• Fall of Constantinople
• Ming Dynasty
• Ottoman Empire
• Aztec Empire
• Inca Empire
• Mali Empire
• Songhai Empire